Eight common misunderstandings about diet life

　　●Misunderstanding 1: Meat and bone soup supplements calcium

　　[Analysis] Many patients with fractures like to use meat and bone soup to supplement calcium. In fact, the calcium content in meat and bone soup is not high. Someone experimented and used 1 kilogram of meat bones to boil soup for 2 hours. The calcium content in the soup was only about 20 mg. However, the fat content of meat bone soup is very high because of the bone marrow. The recommended daily intake of calcium for adults is 800 mg, and patients with fractures need more. Calcium supplementation with meat and bone soup is far from meeting the needs. Milk or calcium preparations should be used to supplement calcium.

　　●Myth 2: Patients with kidney stones cannot take calcium supplements

　　[Analysis] Kidney stones are mostly caused by the deposition of calcium oxalate in the urine, mainly due to excessive intake of oxalic acid, which combines with calcium during elimination in the urinary tract to form calcium oxalate deposits to form kidney stones. The key to preventing and treating kidney stones is to reduce the intake of foods rich in oxalic acid, such as spinach, bamboo shoots, etc. Even if they are eaten, they should be boiled to remove the oxalic acid content.

　　●Myth 3: Fish without scales has high cholesterol

　　[Analysis] This summary is not comprehensive enough. It is true that some fish without scales have high cholesterol, such as whitebait, river eel, loach, eel, and cod, but not all fish without scales, such as hairtail and shark, are similar to grass carp, pomfret, and bass with scales.

　　●Myth 4: Diabetic patients should eat less carbohydrates, the better

　　[Analysis] Blood sugar is related to carbohydrate intake. Diabetic patients should properly control their carbohydrate intake to prevent blood sugar from exceeding the standard. Normal energy intake should be maintained under the condition of maintaining normal weight, and carbohydrates should still account for 60% to 65% of energy. Diabetic patients should consume foods rich in dietary fiber such as oatmeal, fresh vegetables, etc. every time so that carbohydrates are digested and absorbed slowly, blood sugar will not rise too fast, and the level will be more stable. ； If you simply eat less carbohydrates, digestion and absorption will be faster, blood sugar will rise quickly, and the duration will be short, and hypoglycemia will easily occur, such as heart palpitations, dizziness, and cold sweats.

　　●Myth 5: You can lose weight by eating only vegetables without eating at night

　　[Analysis] The main cause of simple obesity is excessive energy intake and too little consumption. Energy is converted into fat accumulation in the body, forming obesity. The three major nutrients that produce energy are protein, fat, and carbohydrates. 1 gram of fat can produce 9 kcal of energy, and 1 gram of protein and carbohydrate can produce 4 kcal of energy. Eating less can lead to less carbohydrate intake, which can reduce energy intake. However, eating more dishes will lead to more fat intake and produce higher energy, which will not achieve the purpose of weight loss. On the contrary, the intake of nutrients will not be balanced, which is not good for healthy。

　　●Misunderstanding 6: elderly Drinking milk causes cataracts

　　[Analysis] Some people say that because milk contains cysteine, it is easily damaged after oxidation. Eye The crystals will become cloudy and cause cataracts, so the elderly should not drink milk. In fact, milk is rich in calcium and is an important source of calcium in the diet. The casein in milk is also a high-quality protein, which is beneficial to the body’s absorption and utilization. The formation of cataracts has many factors. The elderly have low antioxidant capacity. They can supplement antioxidant nutrients, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, trace elements selenium, zinc and other nutrients to prevent senile cataracts.

　　●Misunderstanding 7: Winter supplements require protein

　　[Analysis] The so-called supplementation refers to what is missing, what is missing is supplemented, and if there is no shortage, it is not supplemented. At present, the protein supply in the diet of Chinese residents is sufficient, and there is no need for the general population to supplement protein. ； And supplementing too much protein will increase the burden on the liver and kidneys, increase the excretion of calcium, and make calcium deficiency more likely. Therefore, under normal circumstances, there is no need to supplement protein. disease It should be replenished only when necessary or when necessary.

　　The nutrients lacking in our country's dietary structure are: vitamins A, B2, B1, calcium, and zinc. Therefore, supplementing these vitamins and minerals is the most targeted supplement.

　　●Myth 8: Vitamin C supplementation may lead to kidney stones

　　[Analysis] Vitamin C is a cofactor of enzymes and is related to collagen synthesis, wound healing, and blood vessel fragility.； Vitamin C also has antioxidant properties, promotes iron absorption and improves immune function. The recommended daily intake for adults is 100 mg, and the tolerable maximum intake is 1,000 mg. Vitamin C supplementation, as long as the daily intake is within 1,000 mg, will not cause kidney stones.