Why is leucorrhea dark brown?

Dark brown leucorrhea may be related to factors such as ovulatory bleeding, gynecological inflammation, endometriosis, cervical lesions or intrauterine device stimulation. Dark brown leucorrhea is usually a sign of old blood mixed with secretions, and needs to be judged comprehensively in conjunction with other symptoms.

1. Bleeding during ovulation

A brief drop in estrogen levels during ovulation may cause a small amount of the endometrium to shed, and the blood oxidizes and mixes with leucorrhea to form dark brown secretions. This condition usually lasts for 2-3 days and may be accompanied by mild lower abdominal bloating. Just keep the vulva clean and dry, no special treatment is required. If it occurs frequently or the amount of bleeding increases, it is recommended to seek gynecological consultation to rule out other causes.

2. Gynecological inflammation

Vaginitis or cervicitis may cause mucosal congestion and damage, and a small amount of oozing blood will appear dark brown after oxidation. Bacterial vaginosis may be accompanied by fishy-smelling leucorrhea, and fungal vaginitis is common with vulvar itching. It needs to be diagnosed through routine examination of leucorrhea. You can use Baofukang suppository, nifuratel, nystatin vaginal soft capsules and other drugs as directed by the doctor, and avoid sexual stimulation at the same time.

3. Endometriosis

Endometriosis lesions may cause irregular bleeding during the menstrual cycle, and may cause dark brown discharge to flow backward through the fallopian tube into the vagina. Typical symptoms include progressive dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and infertility. Diagnosis requires laparoscopy. Treatment can include dienogest tablets, leuprolide acetate microspheres for injection and other drugs to inhibit intimal growth. In severe cases, surgical removal of the lesions is required.

4. Cervical lesions

Cervical polyps, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and other diseases may cause contact bleeding, and the blood becomes darker after being retained in the vagina. Persistent high-risk HPV infection is the main cause and may be accompanied by bleeding after intercourse. TCT and HPV screening are required, polyps can be removed through outpatient surgery, and CIN lesions can be treated with cervical conization or regular follow-up according to their grade.

5. Intrauterine device stimulation

Mechanical friction of the IUD may cause local bleeding in the endometrium, especially within 3-6 months after insertion. Some patients may experience prolonged menstrual periods or spotting. Ultrasound examination can be used to rule out IUD migration, and if symptoms persist, switching to a levonorgestrel sustained-release intrauterine system or oral short-acting contraceptive pills can be considered to adjust the cycle.

You should pay attention to the duration and accompanying symptoms of dark brown leucorrhea on a daily basis, and avoid using irritating vaginal washes. Wear breathable cotton underwear and change it daily, and change sanitary napkins frequently during menstruation. It is recommended to have an annual gynecological examination, including routine leucorrhea and cervical cancer screening. If the dark brown discharge lasts for more than 1 week and is accompanied by a peculiar smell or abdominal pain, you should seek medical treatment promptly for colposcopy or ultrasound to identify the cause and then provide targeted treatment.