What is uterine effusion and how is it formed?

Uterine effusion may be caused by physiological factors, reproductive system inflammation, intrauterine adhesions, endometrial lesions, tumors and other factors, and can be intervened through drug treatment, surgical treatment and other methods. Uterine effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the uterine cavity or fallopian tube, which requires targeted treatment based on the specific cause.

1. Physiological factors

A small amount of physiological fluid accumulation may occur during ovulation or before and after menstruation, which is related to the increase in endometrial secretion caused by changes in hormone levels. Usually there are no special symptoms and it can be absorbed by itself in 1-2 weeks without special treatment. It is recommended to review ultrasound regularly to observe changes in effusion, and avoid strenuous exercise or bathing stimulation.

2. Reproductive system inflammation

Infectious diseases such as pelvic inflammatory disease and endometritis may cause the accumulation of inflammatory exudate. Common pathogens include gonococcus, chlamydia, etc., which are often accompanied by lower abdominal pain and abnormal vaginal discharge. Anti-infective drugs such as Levofloxacin Hydrochloride Tablets and Metronidazole Vaginal Effervescent Tablets must be used as directed by the doctor, along with local hot compresses to relieve symptoms.

3. Uterine adhesions

Artificial abortion and dilation and curettage may cause intrauterine adhesions, hindering the discharge of menstrual blood and causing hemorrhage. Patients often experience reduced menstrual flow and periodic abdominal pain. Mild adhesions can be treated through hysteroscopic separation. An intrauterine device is placed after surgery to prevent re-adhesion, and estradiol valerate tablets are used to promote endometrial repair.

4. Endometrial lesions

Endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia and other lesions may block the cervical canal and cause fluid accumulation. Ultrasound shows abnormal echogenic masses in the uterine cavity, which may be accompanied by irregular bleeding. Diagnostic dilation and curettage is required to clarify the pathology. For those with larger polyps, hysteroscopic resection can be performed, and drospirenone and ethinylestradiol tablets can be taken to regulate hormones after surgery.

5. Tumor diseases

Malignant tumors such as endometrial cancer and cervical cancer may cause bloody effusion due to tissue necrosis or obstruction of lymphatic drainage. It is common in postmenopausal women and needs to be confirmed through tumor marker testing and pathological biopsy. Radical surgery or radiotherapy and chemotherapy are selected according to the stage. If necessary, a drainage tube is placed to relieve the symptoms of effusion.

It is necessary to keep the perineum clean every day and avoid unclean sex. In the acute stage, you need to rest in bed. If you have pain in the lower abdomen, you can use a hot towel at about 40°C for external application. The diet should be light, with an appropriate amount of high-quality protein such as fish and soy products, and limit spicy and irritating foods. It is recommended to review gynecological ultrasound every 3-6 months. If fever, persistent abdominal pain or increased vaginal discharge occurs, you should seek medical attention promptly.