How to determine if menstrual flow is "excessive"”

　　Under normal circumstances, most people's menstrual cycle is about 28 days, the number of menstrual days is 4 to 7 days, and the average menstrual blood volume is about 35 ml. If the menstrual blood volume is more than 80 ml, it is called polymenorrhea; if the menstrual blood volume is less than 20 ml, it is called oligomenorrhea.

　　The length of the menstrual cycle varies from person to person, and is within the normal range from 20 to 40 days, and each female Menstrual dates have their own regularity. If the amount of menstrual blood is too much or too little, the menstrual cycle is too long or too short, or the cycle is irregular, it is called "menstrual disorder".

　　Menorrhagia

　　First of all, excessive menstrual bleeding may be organic disease , caused by systemic diseases, including suffering from hemophilia , platelet deficiency, purpura, hypersplenism, hypothyroidism, cirrhosis, etc. These diseases can cause excessive menstrual bleeding and even cause anemia There are also reproductive tract diseases, when bleeding continues in the reproductive tract.

　　Abortion bleeding caused by pregnancy should be ruled out, and secondly, whether you are suffering from childbirth should be considered cervical cancer Or endometrial cancer, especially married women over 35 years old should be more vigilant. In terms of benign tumors, such as: Uterine fibroids , cervical or endometrial polyps, uterine adenomyomas, are also common causes of excessive menstrual bleeding in married women. In addition, inflammation caused by foreign objects, contraceptive devices and reproductive tract diseases can also cause excessive menstrual bleeding in women.

　　The second is due to dysfunction. Dysfunctional menorrhagia refers to bleeding caused by imbalance of hormone secretion. There are two types of dysfunctional uterine bleeding: ovulatory type and anovulatory type. The former mostly occurs during the childbearing period due to irregular peeling and bleeding of the endometrium during the luteal phase, while the latter often occurs 2 to 3 years after menstruation and menopause. The reason is that the endometrium continues to proliferate under the stimulation of estrogen for a long time, causing the blood vessels to lose nutrient supply and peel off.

　　If you have heavy menstrual bleeding, you will usually undergo a blood test to see if there is anemia or platelet deficiency, and to check whether the bleeding is caused by low thyroid function. If it is suspected that dysfunction is causing excessive menstrual bleeding, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estrogen, prolactin, and progesterone can be tested to determine whether it is a hormonal imbalance in the ovaries or the pituitary gland. Additionally, you can Gynecology Internal diagnosis and four-dimensional color ultrasound examination to see if there is any cervical erosion , uterine fibroids, ovarian tumors or endometrial hyperplasia.

　　When it is confirmed that there is no organ disease, estrogen can be used to stop bleeding. After the bleeding stops, estrogen plus progesterone can be used for 7 to 10 days. Menstruation will start normally about 3 days after stopping the medication. Most people will choose to take birth control pills, or take 10 days of progesterone on the 16th to 25th day after menstruation to stop bleeding. Anti-inflammatory drugs also have the effect of reducing menstrual blood volume.

　　Low menstrual flow

　　The main causes of scanty menstrual bleeding are stress and reduced sex life. Women with less menstrual flow but regular menstruation are less likely to consult a doctor. In fact, modern women live a stressful life. After giving birth to children, many women have to work outside the home in addition to taking care of the children and housework. The pressure is high and the sex life is reduced. Their own hormone secretion is insufficient, and the chances of menstrual flow becoming less are also increased.

　　Second, because of open sexual concepts, frequent abortion surgeries cause endometrial injury and adhesion, resulting in reduced menstrual flow, and some patients even stop menstruation due to cervical obstruction.

　　The third is premature decline of ovarian function. Women with premature ovarian decline or approaching menopause will have less menstrual blood and often have insufficient progesterone first. That is, there will be a few days of small amount of bleeding before menstruation begins.

　　If you have scanty menstrual bleeding, you will usually undergo a blood test, along with follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estrogen, prolactin, and progesterone, to determine whether there is a hormone problem in the ovaries or the pituitary gland. Secondly, the basal body temperature is measured and charted to observe whether ovulation occurs or whether there is insufficient progesterone.

　　Ultrasound examination can also be used to detect the thickness of the endometrium and whether ovulation is occurring. If it is caused by uterine adhesions that block the cervix, you can use a hysteroscope to separate it and insert a contraceptive device, and then use hormone therapy for 3 months. If progesterone is insufficient, progesterone supplementation or ovarian treatment can be used. Relaxing and reducing stress in life can also help normalize menstruation.

　　Excessive or scant menstrual blood is one of the phenomena of "disordered menstruation". In addition to pathological factors such as uterine fibroids and polyps, stressful life, overwork, improper weight loss, psychological stress and insomnia can all lead to the emergence of these symptoms.

　　Therefore, maintaining a balanced diet, consuming more green fruits and vegetables, not smoking or drinking alcohol, developing a regular daily routine, ensuring adequate sleep, and keeping a relaxed and happy mood are the best ways to avoid abnormal intake.