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Orchitis caused by mumps can be intervened through antiviral treatment, analgesia and anti-inflammation, local care, hormone therapy and surgical treatment. The disease is mainly caused by mumps virus infection and usually manifests as testicular swelling, pain, fever and other symptoms. Timely medical treatment is required to avoid complications.

1. Antiviral treatment

For mumps virus, antiviral drugs such as ribavirin granules, acyclovir tablets or aciclovir capsules can be used, and they need to be used under the guidance of a doctor. Early medication can help inhibit virus replication and reduce testicular tissue damage. If combined with bacterial infection, antibiotics, such as cefixime dispersible tablets, may be needed.

2. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory

When you have severe testicular pain, you can use ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, acetaminophen tablets or diclofenac sodium enteric-coated tablets for short-term relief. Applying local cold compress to the scrotum can reduce swelling, but frostbite should be avoided. Severe cases may require injection of powerful analgesic drugs such as lysine.

3. Local care

The patient needs to rest in bed and use a scrotal sling to relieve prolapse and traction pain. Keep the perineum clean and dry, wash it with warm water every day and change to breathable underwear. It is forbidden to squeeze or apply heat to the testicles to avoid aggravating congestion. Strenuous exercise and prolonged sitting should be avoided in the acute stage.

4. Hormone treatment

For severe inflammatory reactions, short-term intravenous dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection or oral prednisone tablets may be used to control immune damage. The use of hormones requires strict monitoring of blood sugar and blood pressure, and the course of treatment generally does not exceed 1 week. Pediatric patients should be carefully evaluated for the risk of growth inhibition.

5. Surgical treatment

Testicular abscess or persistent ischemia requires testicular incision and drainage. Severe testicular necrosis may require orchiectomy. Preoperative ultrasound assessment of blood flow is required, and postoperative anti-infective treatment is required. Surgical options that preserve testicular function should be given priority in adolescent patients.

During the illness, you should eat liquid or semi-liquid foods such as rice porridge and steamed eggs to avoid acidic foods that stimulate saliva secretion. Heavy physical labor is prohibited during the 3-month recovery period, and semen quality and testicular ultrasound are reviewed regularly. Adolescents who have not been vaccinated against mumps need to be vaccinated urgently after contact with a sick person. Immediate emergency treatment is required if high fever persists, vomiting, or changes in consciousness occur.