prostate specific antigen test

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a polypeptide glycoprotein with 237 amino acid residues formed from hot bubbles in the plasma of male prostate squamous epithelial cells. Its molecular weight is about 34kD. It is a serine trypsin that acts like a kinin-releasing enzyme. PSA exists in the prostate endoplasmic reticulum and prostate squamous epithelial cells and secretions. PSA is present in both normal and diseased prostate tissue, and the composition of PSA in individual cells is relatively stable. PSA can be degraded by the fusion of α1-antichymotrypsin and α2-macroglobulin. Generally, there is no or only a very small amount of PSA in the blood.

Abnormal results of male prostate-specific antigen test:

(1) The blood cell dispersed PSA (F-PSA) and total PSA (T-PSA) values ​​of prostate cancer patients increased significantly, and T-PSA increased more significantly, so the ratio of dispersed PSA to total PSA (F/T ratio) decreased. The F/T ratio can be used to differentiate between prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia. Especially when the PSA level is limited to the range of 4-10μg/L, it is better to use the F/T ratio than PSA.

(2) PSA plays an important clinical role in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer, clinical installment payment, postoperative efficacy observation and follow-up.

(3) Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), male prostate infarction, subacute bacterial infection prostatitis, subacute urinary tract obstruction, etc. can also cause an increase in blood cell PSA levels. Groups that need to be tested: People with symptoms such as frequent urination and urgency, inability to hold back urine, urinary retention, painful urination, inability to produce urine lines, hematuria, bone pain and other symptoms.

Frequently Asked Questions about Male Prostate Specific Antigen Test

Before the test: (1) Do not eat excessively greasy or high-protein foods the day before the blood test, and avoid drinking too much. The presence of alcohol in your blood can immediately affect test results. (2) You should avoid eating for 12 hours after 8 pm the day before a routine physical examination to avoid affecting the test results. (3) Relax when drawing blood for testing to avoid constriction of blood vessels due to fear, which will increase the difficulty of blood collection.

After the examination: (1) After the blood test, you need to press lightly on the needle hole for 3-5 minutes to activate blood circulation. Note: Do not rub to prevent subcutaneous hematoma. (2) The tapping time should be sufficient. Everyone's blood clotting time is different, and some people need a slightly longer time to achieve clotting function. Therefore, if the skin surface does not appear to be bleeding and is not pressed immediately, the blood may not be fully activated, causing blood to seep into the subcutaneous tissue and cause bruises. Therefore, pressing for a longer time can completely activate blood circulation. If there is a tendency to bleed, the pressing time should be increased. (3) If you experience symptoms such as dizziness, dizziness, or fatigue after taking a blood test, you should lie down immediately and drink a small amount of red bean sugar water, and wait until the symptoms subside before conducting a routine physical examination. (4) If there is blood accumulation in the local area, apply a hot and humid cotton towel to the face after 24 hours to promote digestion and absorption.