Summary and reflection on the experience of basic first aid skills popularization training

The basic first aid skills that ordinary people can learn and use are far simpler and more pragmatic than the fragmented popular science on the Internet. The core obstacle that most people dare not use after learning is not that they are not technically competent, but that they are trapped by the inherent cognition of "fear of taking responsibility for mistakes" and "don't mess with it if you are not a doctor". Moreover, there are many standard differences in the first aid science content currently circulating on the market. Blindly memorizing the steps will easily make mistakes in real scenarios.

To be honest, I have watched countless short teaching videos on chest compressions before, and I thought they were just pressing against the chest. When I started to touch the silicone simulator, I discovered that the heel of the palm should be exactly at the midpoint of the line connecting the two nipples, the arms should be completely straight, and the weight of the entire upper body should be used to press down. At first, I just used my arms to exert force, but after 10 compressions, I was so sore that I couldn't lift it up. The depth was not even 3 centimeters, which was far from the required 5-6 centimeters. Uncle Zhang from the community who participated in the training next to him was even more interesting. He kept whispering "Don't break the ribs" while pressing, and the strength of his hands was very light. The instructor came over and knocked directly on the chest of the simulator: "If you really encounter a patient with cardiac arrest, the golden first aid time is within 4 minutes. You break 10 ribs." A bone is stronger than a human being without bones. Now, whether it is the guidelines of the domestic Red Cross Society or the AHA (American Heart Association), the priority of chest compressions is higher than that of artificial respiration. This is because ordinary people are worried about artificial respiration and dare not start it. Compression first can at least preserve the blood supply to the brain, and there will be hope after 120 years. ”By the way, during the training, there was a little girl doing simulated artificial respiration. She felt that the simulator had the smell of disinfectant left by the previous person on her mouth, so she held her nose and blew it. The instructor did not criticize her. He only said that if you really have concerns at the scene, you don’t have to do artificial respiration. Just continue to perform chest compressions without any psychological burden.

Speaking of differences in operating standards, this training just answered the question I had had for a long time: When can the Heimlich maneuver be used? I have read several versions of popular science before. Some said that if the throat is stuck, you should rush to the stomach to flush it. Some said that pregnant women should press their chests. Some said that children under 1 year old should turn upside down and pat their backs. Some even said that Heimlich can also be used if a fish bone is stuck. This time the instructor directly laid out the differences between the two mainstream guidelines and said: The current general tutorial of the domestic Red Cross Society emphasizes "rapid intervention", while the AHA guidelines clearly recommend that as long as the patient can cough and make sounds on his own, he should be encouraged to expel the foreign matter on his own first, and not rush into it to avoid internal damage caused by improper force. The Heimlich emergency only needs to be initiated when the patient is completely unable to make a sound, his face and lips are purple, and he has lost consciousness. There was news a while ago that parents gave Heimlich to children with stuck fish bones, which pushed the fish bones deeper and nicked the esophagus. In fact, this kind of sharp foreign object stuck in the throat is not a suitable scenario for Heimlich. It is only right to send it directly to the hospital. In order to attract attention, many popular sciences on the Internet directly regard "use Heimlich" as the only standard answer, but it is easy to mislead people.

I feel ashamed to say it. Last winter, I met an elder sister who suddenly fainted on the subway line 2. People gathered around her and no one dared to touch her. I also shrank back at the time and only dared to take out my mobile phone and call 120. Later, a subway staff member came over to help her to her seat and gave her a candy bar. It turned out to be hypoglycemia. Now that I think about it, I had lemon candies in my pocket at that time. If I had known earlier that people who fainted due to hypoglycemia would only need to be conscious, sit up and be given something containing sugar, and they would not be frozen in place and dare not move. This misunderstanding was also specifically mentioned in this training: Many people think that "I don't have a first aid certificate, so if I touch someone and something goes wrong, I have to pay for it." In fact, the "good person clause" in the Civil Code has long been clear. If the rescuer voluntarily performs first aid and causes damage to the recipient, the rescuer will not bear civil liability. Of course, the instructor also added that this is not for you to act blindly. For example, if you encounter someone who is stuck in a car in a car accident, don’t drag him. If you encounter someone who falls from a high place and may injure his cervical spine, don’t move casually. Call 120 first. Protect the scene and evacuate the surrounding people. Don’t surround the person tightly. Don’t let secondary injuries occur. This will already help a lot.

I always thought that the AEDs (automated external defibrillators) hanging on the walls of subway stations and shopping malls were professional equipment used by doctors. This practical exam happened to be about the use of AEDs. When I started using them, I discovered that the current AEDs all have Chinese voice prompts. You only need to turn on the AEDs and follow the prompts to stick the electrode pads on the patient's chest and plug in the cable. It will judge whether to defibrillate by itself. You just need not to touch the patient while it is analyzing the heart rhythm. There is no technical threshold at all and it is designed to be used by ordinary people.

After I returned home, I read the first aid manual given during the training to my parents, and also demonstrated the Heimlich maneuver. My mother said that a while ago, she was eating ribs and got stuck on broken bones. She swallowed two big mouthfuls of rice and swallowed the bones. Now I am scared to think about it. If the stuck was serious, she would not know what to do at home. To be honest, I always thought that first aid was something far away from me and a matter for doctors. After this training, I discovered that your elderly person has a throat problem while eating, your child chokes on his milk, and you meet someone who faints on the road. These are all very close to you. , you don’t need to be able to perform surgery or stitches, you can first judge whether there are dangers such as electricity leakage and traffic in the surroundings, you can accurately report the address and call 120, you can do chest compressions, and you dare to come up and ask "Are you okay?", you can already be of great help at critical moments. I don’t dare to say now that I will definitely rush forward when something happens next time, but at least I won’t be as confused as before and dare not do anything. I can be calmer and help a little bit.