How to check the endometrium

Endometrial examination methods mainly include ultrasound examination, hysteroscopy, diagnostic dilation and curettage, endometrial biopsy, magnetic resonance imaging, etc. Endometrial examination is usually used to evaluate abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, or endometrial lesions. Doctors will choose the appropriate examination method based on the patient's specific situation.

1. Ultrasound examination

Ultrasound examination is the method of choice for endometrial examination, including transvaginal ultrasound and transabdominal ultrasound. Transvaginal ultrasound can more clearly display the thickness, shape and blood flow of the endometrium, and is suitable for evaluating endometrial polyps, endometrial thickening and other lesions. The bladder needs to be emptied before the examination. No special preparation is required. The examination process is non-invasive and safe.

2. Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy involves inserting a thin tube with a camera through the cervix into the uterine cavity to directly observe the endometrium. This method can clearly display small lesions in the endometrium, such as polyps, adhesions or submucosal fibroids, and can be biopsied or treated at the same time as the examination. Menstrual periods need to be avoided before the examination, and local anesthesia may be required.

3. Diagnostic curettage

Diagnostic dilation and curettage is a method of scraping endometrial tissue for pathological examination. It is suitable for patients with abnormal uterine bleeding or suspected endometrial cancer. This examination needs to be performed in the operating room, possibly using intravenous anesthesia, and the scraped tissue can help identify pathological changes in the endometrium. You may have mild abdominal pain and light bleeding after surgery.

4. Endometrial biopsy

Endometrial biopsy is a method that uses a thin tube to aspirate a small amount of endometrial tissue for examination, which is less invasive than diagnostic dilation and curettage. This method is commonly used to assess endometrial receptivity or luteal function in patients with infertility, and can also be used to monitor the effects of hormone therapy. Testing is usually done at specific stages of the menstrual cycle.

5. Magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging provides high-resolution images of the endometrium and is particularly useful for assessing the depth of myometrial invasion and surrounding tissue involvement of endometrial cancer. This examination is radiation-free, but it has limitations for patients with metal implants in the body. The examination is long and expensive, and is usually not used as a routine examination.

After endometrial examination, you should pay attention to rest, avoid strenuous exercise and sexual life, and keep the perineum clean. If you have persistent abdominal pain, fever or heavy vaginal bleeding, you should seek medical advice promptly. Daily work and rest should be regular, avoid overexertion, pay attention to balanced nutrition, and properly supplement high-quality protein and vitamins to help the health of the endometrium. Regular gynecological examinations are important for early detection of endometrial lesions.