4 major harms of smoking to fertility

　　1. Smoking can cause sperm abnormal

　　Psychologists from the University of Florida concluded through controlled experiments that smoking weakens men's reproductive function. They divided 43 smokers and non-smokers into two groups for comparison. Sperm that were too large, too small, concentrated or deformed with vacuoles, multiple heads, multiple tails, and tail deformities were regarded as morphological abnormalities. It was found that smokers had lower normal sperm levels than non-smokers. At the same time, it was also found that the sperm abnormality rate is related to the number of cigarettes smoked. The concentrate of cigarettes contains carcinogens, which are also present in the body fluids of smokers. If sperm absorbs this carcinogen, it is easy to cause genetic damage.

　　2. Smoking during pregnancy can cause many harms to women

　　right fetus Impact: (1) premature birth The incidence rate in children is high. According to a survey of 7,499 pregnant women, the incidence of premature babies was 12.5% ​​in the smoking group and 6.8% in the non-smoking group. Comparing the two, the difference was nearly double. (2) Caused by smoking Uterus contraction, increasing the incidence of miscarriage. (3) The incidence of congenital malformations is high. According to a group report, baby The incidence of congenital heart disease was 0.77% in the smoking group and only 0.47% in the non-smoking group, with a significant difference. Effects on the placenta: Smokers may suffer from hypoxemia clinical Premature placental detachment, placental infarction and placenta previa The incidence rate increases. Therefore, if couples are preparing to become pregnant, they must quit smoking for at least three months to ensure that the remaining harmful substances in the body are excreted. And what expectant mothers need to pay attention to is: try to avoid inhaling smoke, stay away from smoking situations, and avoid "second-hand smoke" at home.

　　3. Smoking affects fertility

　　The most important finding of the Oxford Family Planning Society's fertility research is that fertility continues to decline significantly as smoking increases. After studying 17,000 women of childbearing age for 11 and a half years, the study came to the following conclusion: Heavy smoking will damage fertility. Women who smoked more than 10 cigarettes a day had an infertility rate of 10.7% after they stopped using contraceptive measures, while the infertility rate of non-smokers was only 5.4%. Fertility is about the same in women who have quit smoking and in women who have never smoked.

　　4. Smoking can cause chromosomal abnormalities

　　Dr. Caronno from the United States is elucidating the effects of tobacco on the chromosome level. healthy He observed the chromosomes of different smoking groups and found that in normal people, there are generally only 7-10 abnormalities among the 46 chromosomes, while in smokers, up to 20 chromosomes can undergo sister monomer exchange. At the same time, it was also found that the longer the smoking history and the greater the amount of smoking, the higher the chromosomal abnormality rate; the effects of smoking still exist even 3 months after stopping smoking. In addition, the proportion of cells with chromosomal abnormalities is 70% in smokers and only about 15% in non-smokers.