What are the symptoms of uterine fibroids?

The main symptoms of uterine fibroids include abnormal menstruation, abdominal mass, compression symptoms, pain, infertility or miscarriage. Uterine fibroids are common benign tumors of the female reproductive system. Most patients have no obvious symptoms. Some patients may have the above conditions. The specific symptoms are related to the size, number and location of the fibroids.

1. Abnormal menstruation

Increased menstrual flow is the most common symptom of uterine fibroids, which is manifested as a significant increase in menstrual bleeding or prolonged menstrual periods. Submucosal fibroids or intramural fibroids may affect the endometrial area and lead to increased menstrual flow. Long-term increased menstrual flow may cause anemia and symptoms such as fatigue and dizziness. For patients with significantly increased menstrual flow, it is recommended to seek medical evaluation in a timely manner.

2. Abdominal mass

Larger uterine fibroids may be palpable as a mass in the lower abdomen, especially after the bladder is empty. When fibroids grow to a certain size, the abdomen may bulge and may even be mistaken for weight gain. When fibroids exceed the size of the uterus at 12 weeks of pregnancy, they may put pressure on pelvic organs. An abdominal mass is often one of the main reasons patients seek medical attention.

3. Symptoms of oppression

The enlargement of fibroids may compress surrounding organs and cause corresponding symptoms. Pressure on the bladder can cause frequent urination and urgency ； Pressure on the rectum may cause constipation or difficulty having a bowel movement ； Compression of the ureters may cause hydronephrosis. These symptoms are often related to the direction and location of the fibroid growth. Severe compression symptoms require surgical treatment.

4. Pain

Some patients with uterine fibroids may experience bloating in the lower abdomen or soreness in the lower back. Acute abdominal pain can occur when fibroids degenerate or pedunculated fibroids twist. Submucosal fibroids may cause dysmenorrhea or dyspareunia. The level of pain varies from person to person and can range from mild discomfort to severe pain. Persistent or worsening pain should seek prompt medical examination.

5. Infertility or miscarriage

Uterine fibroids may affect reproductive function, submucosal fibroids may prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg, and intramural fibroids may change the morphology of the uterine cavity and increase the risk of infertility. Pregnancy complicated by uterine fibroids may increase the probability of miscarriage and premature birth. For patients with fertility needs, it is recommended to consult a doctor before pregnancy to evaluate the impact of fibroids on pregnancy.

Patients with uterine fibroids should pay attention to maintaining a regular schedule and avoiding overexertion. You can appropriately increase iron-rich foods such as lean meat, animal liver, dark vegetables, etc. in your diet to prevent anemia. Perform regular gynecological examinations to monitor changes in fibroids. When obvious symptoms appear, you should seek medical treatment promptly. The doctor will develop an individualized treatment plan based on the patient's age, severity of symptoms, and fertility needs.