What does first aid and emergency health training include

The core of conventional first aid and emergency health training covers three core dimensions: practical on-site life-saving skills, scenario-based disaster avoidance and response knowledge, and front-end daily health emergency knowledge. The rest of the content is mostly personalized supplements based on the needs of the training audience’s industry and scenario, and there is no absolutely unified content standard.

I have been doing front-line first aid training for almost 6 years. I have given classes to office property managers, community grid workers, and primary and secondary school teachers. No matter who the audience is, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, AED operation, and the Heimlich maneuver are always at the forefront of the practical arrangements. —After all, these three skills can really bring people back during the golden treatment window of cardiac arrest or airway foreign body obstruction. It is useless to just talk about theory. Everyone must be allowed to touch the simulator, practice Heimlich's force posture, and practice until the movements are not out of shape. A security guard in an old community used the Heimlich maneuver to save a 3-year-old child whose throat was choked by a lychee after completing his third month of training. The parents later sent a banner to the property management. This is why we always say that the proportion of practical practice of such core skills cannot be less than 60%. Memorizing the steps alone is so difficult that you can't react in practice. In addition to these three core skills, common trauma treatment content such as compression and hemostasis, bandaging and fixation of trauma, standard treatment of burns and scalds by "rinsing off the foam cover and sending them away", and the key points of wound washing after being scratched and bitten by cats and dogs are also placed in the basic module. Now many institutions will also add the key points of handling accidental ingestion of poisons and acute alcohol poisoning, which are content that can be used frequently in daily life.

It is not enough to deal with sudden injuries and illnesses. When encountering public disasters such as earthquakes and fires, first aid skills must be combined with common sense of risk avoidance to be effective. There is a lot of discussion on this topic in the industry. For example, the "Triangle of Life" shock-absorbing method that was widely spread in the past few years was also mentioned in our early training. However, according to the official guidelines of the Ministry of Emergency Management, it is now recommended to give priority to teaching the standard shock-absorbing movements of "fall to the ground, cover, and hold on with hands." However, some colleagues who do outdoor rescue feel that if it is targeted at groups such as construction workers and mountain residents who may encounter the risk of building collapse, it is still possible to supplement the shock-absorbing ideas in different scenarios without generalizing. In addition to shock absorption, smoke prevention and suffocation in fires, self-rescue and rescue precautions after drowning, and power-off operation points after electric shock are also common contents of this module. After all, in many cases, we can first avoid danger and protect ourselves before we can talk about rescuing others.

The rest of the content is more focused on daily health emergency knowledge of "prevention is better than rescue". This area has the highest degree of personalization. When training for schools, it will focus on the identification and treatment of common allergic reactions in children and emergency treatment of sports injuries between classes; when training for companies, it will add the identification of precursor signs of workplace waist sprains, high temperature heatstroke, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular emergencies; when training for outdoor enthusiasts, it will also add content on how to deal with altitude sickness and snake and insect bites. Oh yes, there are still many trainings that include psychological emergency content, such as how to adjust one's own anxiety after an emergency, and how to provide initial emotional comfort to injured people. People didn't pay much attention to this before, but now more and more people mention it. However, some practitioners feel that the threshold for professional psychological intervention is too high. In ordinary first aid training, you don't need to go too deep, just click on it, so as not to mislead people.

In general, there is no universal "standard answer" for this type of training. The core is arranged around the points of "useful, able to use, and able to use". After all, the ultimate goal of first aid and emergency health training is to actually use what you have learned.