Causes of polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome may be caused by genetic factors, endocrine disorders, metabolic abnormalities, environmental factors and mental stress. Polycystic ovary syndrome mainly manifests symptoms such as irregular menstruation, hirsutism, acne, obesity, and infertility. It can be intervened by adjusting lifestyle, drug treatment, surgical treatment, etc.

1. Genetic factors

Polycystic ovary syndrome tends to run in families, and if the mother or sister is affected, the individual's risk of developing the disease may increase. Such patients often have genetic mutations that lead to abnormal follicular development and excessive androgen secretion. It is recommended that those with a family history undergo regular gynecological ultrasound and hormone level testing. Early detection can delay the progression through lifestyle intervention such as diet control and regular exercise.

2. Endocrine disorders

Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis results in elevated levels of luteinizing hormone, which stimulates the ovaries to secrete excess androgens, accompanied by insulin resistance. Patients may have oligomenorrhea and polycystic ovarian changes. Ethinyl estradiol and cyproterone tablets are commonly used clinically to regulate hormones, and combined with metformin sustained-release tablets to improve insulin sensitivity.

3. Metabolic abnormalities

Insulin resistance is one of the core features of polycystic ovary syndrome, and hyperinsulinemia can exacerbate ovarian androgen synthesis. Such patients often have abdominal obesity and acanthosis nigricans. Treatment requires weight control and reducing high-sugar dietary intake. Doctors may recommend the use of insulin sensitizers such as rosiglitazone tablets.

4. Environmental factors

Long-term exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A may interfere with hormone receptor function. The onset of the disease in some patients is related to exposure to chemicals such as plasticizers and pesticides before and after puberty. Plastic products containing phthalates should be avoided on a daily basis, and environmental toxin testing and detoxification treatment should be carried out when necessary.

5. Mental stress

Chronic stress will activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, promote cortisol secretion and affect follicular development. Anxiety and depression may also aggravate overeating behavior. Psychological counseling combined with relaxation training can help relieve symptoms. In severe cases, short-term use of fluoxetine capsules can be used to regulate emotions.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome need to maintain a balanced diet, increase their intake of whole grains and dark vegetables, and limit refined sugars and saturated fats. Perform 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise every week, such as brisk walking, swimming, etc. Regularly monitor blood sugar, blood lipids and hormone levels, and women of childbearing age should pay attention to fertility assessment. If symptoms worsen or it is difficult to prepare for pregnancy, timely follow-up visits are required to adjust the treatment plan.